Īlthough the E ♭ is somewhat of a rarity in school bands, it is a staple instrument in college and other upper level ensembles. Towards the end of the eighteenth century the clarinet in high F took this role until the E ♭ clarinet took over beginning sometime in the second decade of the 1800s. Many orchestration and instrumentation books give a smaller tonal range (E3 to G6) for the E-flat clarinet compared to normal clarinets in A or B (E3-C7). Solo repertoire is limited, but composers from Berlioz to Mahler have used it extensively as a solo instrument in orchestral contexts. The E ♭ clarinet is used in orchestras, concert bands, and marching bands, and plays a central role in clarinet choirs, carrying melodies that would be uncomfortably high for the B ♭ clarinet. The E-flat clarinet has a total length of about 49 cm. In Italian it is sometimes referred to as a terzino and is generally listed in B ♭-based scores (including many European band scores) as terzino in Mi♭. It is typically considered the sopranino or piccolo member of the clarinet family and is a transposing instrument in E ♭ with a sounding pitch a minor third higher than written. The E-flat (E ♭) clarinet is a member of the clarinet family, smaller than the more common B ♭ clarinet and pitched a perfect fourth higher.
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